Democracia participativa en la educación superior: manifestaciones desde la perspectiva docente

Elferes Mundaca Castañeda; Juan Pedro Soplapuco-Montalvo

doi:10.61286/e-rms.v4i.502

Autores

Elferes Mundaca Castañeda Universidad César Vallejo, Chiclayo, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8912-1404
Juan Pedro Soplapuco-Montalvo Universidad César Vallejo, Chiclayo, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4631-8877

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61286/e-rms.v4i.502

Palavras-chave:

enseñanza superior, docentes, gobernanza, participación, democracia participativa

Resumo

La democracia participativa constituye un componente relevante de la gobernanza y de las relaciones pedagógicas en la educación superior, particularmente cuando existen dificultades de comunicación, representación y toma de decisiones. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar y caracterizar las manifestaciones de la democracia participativa en la educación superior universitaria desde la perspectiva integral de los docentes. Se desarrolló una investigación cualitativa, de alcance descriptivo, mediante un diseño de análisis documental. La información se obtuvo mediante el análisis de testimonios, declaraciones y documentos de acceso público difundidos a través de medios de comunicación y redes sociales, correspondientes al período comprendido entre marzo y mayo de 2025. El análisis se realizó mediante categorización cualitativa y análisis de contenido, considerando cuatro dimensiones: participación democrática en el aula, toma de decisiones e institucionalidad, inclusión y equidad pedagógica, y liderazgo y corresponsabilidad docente. Los hallazgos identificaron dificultades relacionadas con la participación efectiva de estudiantes y docentes en los procesos institucionales, problemas de comunicación y diálogo, desacuerdos entre actores universitarios y exposición pública de conflictos mediante medios de comunicación y redes sociales. Asimismo, la participación fue comprendida como la posibilidad de expresar posiciones y lograr que estas sean consideradas en la toma de decisiones. Se concluye que la democracia participativa trasciende la existencia formal de mecanismos de representación y requiere condiciones institucionales que favorezcan el diálogo, la deliberación, la inclusión y la corresponsabilidad entre los actores universitarios.

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